Publications: PROF Georgia Bell Black

( 2026 ) . Quality of Cancer-Related Clinical Coding in Primary Care in North Central London: Mixed Methods Quality Improvement Project . Journal of Medical Internet Research vol. 28 ,

( 2025 ) . A critical interpretive synthesis of the constructed identities and experiences of refugees, asylum seekers, and undocumented migrants in relation to accessing primary care services in the UK . Journal of Migration and Health vol. 13 ,

James M, Smuk M, Rahman N, Black G, Alazawi W ( 2025 ) . Epidemiology of Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in South Asian Ethnicities: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis . Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology vol. 40 , ( 12 ) 2830 - 2841 .

Olakotan O, Yargawa J, Moreland J-A, Smith CF, Nicholson BD, Millar A, Black GB ( 2025 ) . Characteristics of Optimal Cancer Referrals Made by Primary Care Clinicians: Scoping Review . Cancer Control vol. 32 ,

Hieke G, Black GB, Yargawa J, Vindrola-Padros C, Gill P, Islam L, Williams ED, Braun S ( 2025 ) . South Asian patient experiences of professional interpreting service provision in general practice in England: a qualitative interview study . International Journal for Equity in Health vol. 24 , ( 1 )

Black GB, Nicholson BD, Moreland J-A, Baxter R ( 2025 ) . Doing ‘detective work’ to find a cancer: how are non-specific symptom pathways for cancer investigation organised, and what are the implications for safety and quality of care? A multisite qualitative approach . BMJ Quality & Safety vol. 34 , ( 7 ) 457 - 468 .

Johnson LL, Wong G, Kuhn I, Martin GP, Kapilashrami A, Lennox L, Black GB, Hill M et al. ( 2025 ) . A realist review of how, why, for whom and in which contexts quality improvement in healthcare impacts inequalities . BMJ Quality & Safety vol. 34 , ( 8 ) 537 - 546 .

Bradley SH, Baldwin D, Bhartia BSK, Black GB, Callister ME, Clayton K, Eccles SR, Evison M et al. ( 2024 ) . Achieving earlier diagnosis of symptomatic lung cancer . British Journal of General Practice vol. 75 , ( 750 ) 40 - 43 .

Black GB, Khalid AF, Duffy SW, Fulop NJ ( 2024 ) . Exploring the policy implementation of a holistic approach to cancer investigation in non-specific symptom pathways in England: An ethnographic study . Journal of Health Services Research & Policy vol. 30 , ( 1 ) 21 - 30 .

Hieke G, Williams ED, Gill P, Black GB, Yargawa J, Braun S ( 2024 ) . Uptake and experience of professional interpreting services in primary care in a South Asian population: a national cross-sectional study . BMC Primary Care vol. 25 , ( 1 )

Russell J, Boswell L, Ip A, Harris J, Singh H, Meyer A, Giardina TD, Whitaker K ( 2024 ) . How do GPs communicate the urgent suspected cancer referral pathway to patients? A qualitative study of GP-patient consultations . BJGP Open vol. 9 , ( 2 )

Black GB ( 2024 ) . Safety netting: time to stop relying on verbal interventions to manage diagnostic uncertainty? . BMJ Quality & Safety vol. 33 , ( 12 ) 759 - 761 .

Russell J, Boswell L, Harris J, Singh H, Giardina TD, Whitaker KL ( 2024 ) . How is diagnostic uncertainty communicated and managed in real world primary care settings? . BMC Primary Care vol. 25 , ( 1 )

Black G ( 2024 ) . Communicating effectively to patients about a cancer referral . British Journal of General Practice vol. 74 , ( suppl 1 )

Black G ( 2024 ) . What your patient needs to know about a non-specific symptom pathway referral for suspected cancer . British Journal of General Practice vol. 74 , ( suppl 1 )

Black GB, Moreland J, Lyratzopoulos G, Nicholson BD ( 2024 ) . Personal and organisational health literacy in the non‐specific symptom pathway for cancer: An ethnographic study . Health Expectations vol. 27 , ( 3 )

Kumpunen S, Walton H, Ramsay A ( 2024 ) . 26 Reporting rapid ethnographies informing health and care improvement: findings from a Delphi survey and consensus meeting . Conference: 26 Reporting rapid ethnographies informing health and care improvement: findings from a Delphi survey and consensus meetinga10.1 - a1a10 .

Black GB, Janes SM, van Os S ( 2024 ) . The Role of Smoking Status in Making Risk-Informed Diagnostic Decisions in the Lung Cancer Pathway: A Qualitative Study of Health Care Professionals and Patients . Medical Decision Making vol. 44 , ( 2 ) 152 - 162 .

Black GB, Machen S, Cronin A ( 2023 ) . Using an electronic safety netting tool designed to improve safety with respect to cancer referral in primary care: a qualitative service evaluation using rapid appraisal methods . BMJ Open Quality vol. 12 , ( 3 )

Boswell L, Harris J, Ip A, Whitaker KL ( 2023 ) . Assessing awareness of blood cancer symptoms and barriers to symptomatic presentation: measure development and results from a population survey in the UK . BMC Cancer vol. 23 , ( 1 )

Khan Z, Park S, Black G ( 2023 ) . Using a meta-ethnographic approach to explore the role of interprofessional education in inclusion health for health and care staff . Journal of Integrated Care vol. 31 , ( 3 ) 182 - 211 .

Black GB, Ramsay AIG, Baim-Lance A, Melnychuk M, Fulop NJ ( 2023 ) . Temporal structures that determine consistency and quality of care: a case study in hyperacute stroke services . BMJ Quality & Safety vol. 33 , ( 9 ) 587 - 596 .

Smith CF, Duncombe S, Fleming S, Black GB, Bankhead C ( 2023 ) . What features are considered important for electronic safety-netting tools to UK general practice staff? An interview and Delphi consensus study . BJGP Open vol. 7 , ( 3 )

Whitaker KL, Boswell L, Russell J, Black GB ( 2023 ) . The relationship between patient enablement and help‐seeking in the context of blood cancer symptoms . Psycho-Oncology vol. 32 , ( 8 ) 1223 - 1230 .

Black GB, Boswell L, Harris J ( 2023 ) . What causes delays in diagnosing blood cancers? A rapid review of the evidence . Primary Health Care Research & Development vol. 24 ,

Black GB, Lyratzopoulos G, Vincent CA, Fulop NJ ( 2023 ) . Authors’ reply to Wulaningsih and Dixon and colleagues . The BMJ vol. 380 ,

Waring J, Bishop S, Black G ( 2023 ) . What can clinical leaders contribute to the governance of integrated care systems? . BMJ Leader vol. 7 , ( 4 ) 279 - 284 .

Black GB, Lyratzopoulos G, Vincent CA, Fulop NJ ( 2023 ) . Early diagnosis of cancer: systems approach to support clinicians in primary care . The BMJ vol. 380 ,

Fulop NJ, Ramsay AI, Vindrola-Padros C, Clarke CS, Hunter R, Wood VJ, Perry C, Vallejo-Torres L et al. ( 2023 ) . Centralisation of specialist cancer surgery services in two areas of England: the RESPECT-21 mixed-methods evaluation . Health and Social Care Delivery Research vol. 11 , ( 2 ) 1 - 196 .

Waring J, Bishop S, Black G, Clarke JM, Fulop NJ, Ramsay A ( 2022 ) . Navigating the micro-politics of major system change: The implementation of Sustainability Transformation Partnerships in the English health and care system . Journal of Health Services Research & Policy vol. 28 , ( 4 ) 233 - 243 .

Whitaker KL, Krystallidou D, Williams ED, Black G, Gill P ( 2022 ) . Understanding Uptake and Experience of Interpreting Services in Primary Care in a South Asian Population in the UK . JAMA Network Open vol. 5 , ( 11 )

Black GB, van Os S, Hawkins GS ( 2022 ) . What are the similarities and differences in lung cancer symptom appraisal and help‐seeking according to smoking status? A qualitative study with lung cancer patients . Psycho-Oncology vol. 31 , ( 12 ) 2094 - 2103 .

Ip A, Black G, Vindrola-Padros C, Taylor C, Otter S, Hewish M, Bhuiya A, Callin J et al. ( 2022 ) . Healthcare Professional and Patient Perceptions of Changes in Colorectal Cancer Care Delivery During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Impact on Health Inequalities . Cancer Control vol. 29 ,

Black GB, Bhuiya A, Hirst Y ( 2022 ) . Harnessing the Electronic Health Care Record to Optimize Patient Safety in Primary Care: Framework for Evaluating e–Safety-Netting Tools . JMIR Medical Informatics vol. 10 , ( 8 )

Black GB, van Os S, Renzi C ( 2022 ) . How does safety netting for lung cancer symptoms help patients to reconsult appropriately? A qualitative study . BMC Primary Care vol. 23 , ( 1 )

Maile EJ, Singh R, Black GB, Blair M ( 2022 ) . Back to the future? Lessons from the history of integrated child health services in England . Future Healthcare Journal vol. 9 , ( 2 ) 183 - 187 .

Edge C, Luffingham N, Black G ( 2022 ) . Integration, population commissioning and prison health and well-being – an exploration of benefits and challenges through the study of telemedicine . Journal of Integrated Care vol. 30 , ( 5 ) 108 - 124 .

Jallow M, Black G, van Os S, Baldwin DR, Brain KE, Donnelly M, Janes SM, Robb KA et al. ( 2022 ) . Acceptability of a standalone written leaflet for the National Health Service for England Targeted Lung Health Check Programme: A concurrent, think‐aloud study . Health Expectations vol. 25 , ( 4 ) 1776 - 1788 .

Waring J, Bishop S, Clarke J, Exworthy M, Fulop NJ, Hartley J, Roe B ( 2022 ) . Acquiring and developing healthcare leaders’ political skills: an interview study with healthcare leaders . BMJ Leader vol. 7 , ( 1 ) 33 - 37 .

Waring J, Bishop S, Clarke J, Exworthy M, Fulop NJ, Hartley J ( 2022 ) . Healthcare Leadership with Political Astuteness and its role in the implementation of major system change: the HeLPA qualitative study . Health and Social Care Delivery Research vol. 10 , ( 11 ) 1 - 148 .

Black GB, Wood VJ, Ramsay AIG, Vindrola-Padros C, Perry C, Clarke CS, Levermore C, Pritchard-Jones K et al. ( 2022 ) . Loss associated with subtractive health service change: The case of specialist cancer centralization in England . Journal of Health Services Research & Policy vol. 27 , ( 4 ) 301 - 312 .

Ip A, Black G, Vindrola-Padros C, Taylor C, Otter S, Hewish M, Callin J, Machesney M et al. ( 2022 ) . Socioeconomic differences in help-seeking experiences in primary care for symptoms related to colorectal cancer during COVID-19: A UK-wide qualitative interview study . British Journal of General Practice vol. 72 , ( 720 )

Waring J, Bishop S, Black G, Clarke JM, Exworthy M, Fulop NJ, Ramsay A ( 2022 ) . Understanding the Political Skills and Behaviours for Leading the Implementation of Health Services Change: A Qualitative Interview Study . International Journal of Health Policy and Management vol. 0 , ( 11 ) 2686 - 2697 .

Perry C, Boaden RJ, Black GB, Clarke CS, Darley S, Shackley DC ( 2022 ) . “Attending to History” in Major System Change in Healthcare in England: Specialist Cancer Surgery Service Reconfiguration . International Journal of Health Policy and Management vol. 0 , ( 12 ) 2829 - 2841 .

Poole L, Frost R, Rowlands H ( 2022 ) . Experience of depression in older adults with and without a physical long-term condition: findings from a qualitative interview study . BMJ Open vol. 12 , ( 2 )

Vindrola-Padros C, Ramsay AI, Black G, Hines J, Mughal M ( 2022 ) . Inter-organisational collaboration enabling care delivery in a specialist cancer surgery provider network: A qualitative study . Journal of Health Services Research & Policy vol. 27 , ( 3 ) 211 - 221 .

Poole LF, Frost RF, Rowlands H ( 2022 ) . THE EXPERIENCE OF DEPRESSION IN OLDER ADULTS WITH AND WITHOUT A PHYSICAL LONG-TERM CONDITION: FINDINGS FROM A QUALITATIVE INTERVIEW STUDY . PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE . vol. 84 , A63 - A63 .

Whitaker KL, Krystallidou D, Williams ED, Black G, Vindrola-Padros C ( 2021 ) . Addressing language as a barrier to healthcare access and quality . British Journal of General Practice vol. 72 , ( 714 ) 4 - 5 .

Jallow M, Bonfield S, Kurtidu C, Baldwin DR, Black G, Brain KE, Donnelly M, Janes SM et al. ( 2021 ) . Decision Support Tools for Low-Dose CT Lung Cancer Screening A Scoping Review of Information Content, Format, and Presentation Methods . Chest vol. 162 , ( 4 ) 930 - 941 .

Black GB, van Os S, Machen S ( 2021 ) . Ethnographic research as an evolving method for supporting healthcare improvement skills: a scoping review . BMC Medical Research Methodology vol. 21 , ( 1 )

van Os S, Syversen A, Whitaker KL, Quaife SL, Jallow M, Black G ( 2021 ) . Lung cancer symptom appraisal, help‐seeking and diagnosis – rapid systematic review of differences between patients with and without a smoking history . Psycho-Oncology vol. 31 , ( 4 ) 562 - 576 .

Byrne JV, Whitaker KL ( 2021 ) . How doctors make themselves understood in primary care consultations: A mixed methods analysis of video data applying health literacy universal precautions . PLOS ONE vol. 16 , ( 9 )

Clarke CS, Vindrola-Padros C, Levermore C, Ramsay AIG, Black GB, Pritchard-Jones K, Hines J, Smith G et al. ( 2021 ) . How to Cost the Implementation of Major System Change for Economic Evaluations: Case Study Using Reconfigurations of Specialist Cancer Surgery in Part of London, England . Applied Health Economics and Health Policy vol. 19 , ( 6 ) 797 - 810 .

Simister R, Black GB, Melnychuk M, Ramsay AI, Baim-Lance A, Cohen DL, Brown MM ( 2020 ) . Temporal variations in quality of acute stroke care and outcomes in London hyperacute stroke units: a mixed-methods study . Health and Social Care Delivery Research vol. 8 , ( 34 ) 1 - 98 .

Edge C, Stockley R, King E, Decodts F, Hard J ( 2020 ) . Secondary care clinicians and staff have a key role in delivering equivalence of care for prisoners: A qualitative study of prisoners’ experiences . EClinicalMedicine vol. 24 ,

Edge C, George J, Black G, Gallagher M, Ala A, Patel S ( 2020 ) . Using telemedicine to improve access, cost and quality of secondary care for people in prison in England: a hybrid type 2 implementation effectiveness study . BMJ Open vol. 10 , ( 2 )

Melnychuk M, Morris S, Black G, Ramsay AIG, Eng J, Rudd A, Brown MM ( 2019 ) . Variation in quality of acute stroke care by day and time of admission: prospective cohort study of weekday and weekend centralised hyperacute stroke unit care and non-centralised services . BMJ Open vol. 9 , ( 11 )

Black GB, Ramsay AIG, Baim-Lance A, Eng J, Melnychuk M, Xanthopoulou P, Brown MM ( 2019 ) . What does it take to provide clinical interventions with temporal consistency? A qualitative study of London hyperacute stroke units . BMJ Open vol. 9 , ( 11 )

Luchenski S, Edge C, Hutchinson-Pascal N, Sultan B, Black G, Burridge S, Johnson L, Palipane N et al. ( 2019 ) . Co-production of a research and advocacy agenda for Inclusion Health . The Lancet . vol. 394 ,

Edge C, Stockley R, Walsh M, Decodts F, Perryman B, Lenneskog M ( 2019 ) . Using qualitative data to produce an animated clinical engagement tool: secondary health-care experiences of people in prison . The Lancet vol. 394 ,

Edge C, Black G, King E, George J, Hayward A ( 2019 ) . Improving care quality with prison telemedicine: The effects of context and multiplicity on successful implementation and use . Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare vol. 27 , ( 6 ) 325 - 342 .

Amelung D, Whitaker KL, Ogden M, Sheringham J, Walter FM, Singh H, Vincent C ( 2019 ) . Influence of doctor-patient conversations on behaviours of patients presenting to primary care with new or persistent symptoms: a video observation study . BMJ Quality & Safety vol. 29 , ( 3 ) 198 - 208 .

Connell A, Black G, Montgomery H, Martin P, Nightingale C, King D, Karthikesalingam A, Hughes C et al. ( 2019 ) . Implementation of a Digitally Enabled Care Pathway (Part 2): Qualitative Analysis of Experiences of Health Care Professionals . Journal of Medical Internet Research vol. 21 , ( 7 )

Piano M, Black G, Amelung D ( 2019 ) . Exploring public attitudes towards the new Faster Diagnosis Standard for cancer: a focus group study with the UK public . British Journal of General Practice vol. 69 , ( 683 )

Martin J, Benton L, Fottrell E ( 2018 ) . 105 Inside knowledge is power: utilising existing population knowledge to design a contextually appropriate intervention to address sub-optimal feeding practices in a british minority population . Conference: Digital postersa42.1 - a4a42 .

Marcu A, Whitaker KL ( 2018 ) . Variations in trust in Dr Google when experiencing potential breast cancer symptoms: exploring motivations to seek health information online . Health Risk & Society vol. 20 , ( 7-8 ) 325 - 341 .

McGregor LM, Tookey S, von Wagner C ( 2018 ) . Persuasion, Adaptation, and Double Identity: Qualitative Study on the Psychological Impact of a Screen‐Detected Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis . Gastroenterology Research and Practice vol. 2018 , ( 1 )

Rüsch N, Zlati A ( 2018 ) . Does the stigma of mental illness contribute to suicidality? . The British Journal of Psychiatry vol. 205 , ( 4 ) 257 - 259 .

Coleman M, Black G, Amelung D, Power E ( 2018 ) . Exploring experiences of referral for diagnostic investigations and attitudes towards the new Faster Diagnostic Standard . BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER . vol. 119 , 27 - 27 .

Martin JS, Fottrell E, Black G, Vindrola C ( 2017 ) . Adaptations to the participatory learning and action cycle in resource-limited settings: an observational study . The Lancet vol. 390 ,

Vindrola-Padros C, Baim-Lance A, Black G, Chorley A, Llewellyn H, McGregor L ( 2017 ) . 001 OP: UCL QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM 2017: COLLABORATION IN QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH . BMJ Open vol. 7 , ( Suppl 2 )

McGregor LM, Tookey SA, von Wagner C, Black G ( 2017 ) . Adaptation, double identity and persuading others: a qualitative study on the psychological impact of a screen-detected colorectal cancer diagnosis . PSYCHO-ONCOLOGY . vol. 26 , 18 - 18 .

Vrinten C, McGregor LM, Heinrich M, von Wagner C, Waller J, Wardle J, Black GB ( 2016 ) . What do people fear about cancer? A systematic review and meta‐synthesis of cancer fears in the general population . Psycho-Oncology vol. 26 , ( 8 ) 1070 - 1079 .

Marcu A, Black G, Lyratzopoulos G ( 2016 ) . Educational differences in responses to breast cancer symptoms: A qualitative comparative study . British Journal of Health Psychology vol. 22 , ( 1 ) 26 - 41 .

Marcu A, Lyratzopoulos G, Vedsted P ( 2016 ) . Educational differences in likelihood of attributing breast symptoms to cancer: a vignette‐based study . Psycho-Oncology vol. 25 , ( 10 ) 1191 - 1197 .

Bháird CNA, Black G, Michie S, Raine R ( 2016 ) . Multidisciplinary team meetings in community mental health: a systematic review of their functions . Mental Health Review Journal vol. 21 , ( 2 ) 119 - 140 .

Black G, Sheringham J, Spencer-Hughes V, Ridge M, Williams C ( 2015 ) . Patients’ Experiences of Cancer Diagnosis as a Result of an Emergency Presentation: A Qualitative Study . PLOS ONE vol. 10 , ( 8 )

Baim-Lance A, Black G, Llewellyn H, McGregor L, Vindrola-Padros C, Vňuková M, Vrinten C, Dobson C et al. ( 2015 ) . UCL Symposium Abstracts . BMJ Open vol. 5 , ( 4 )

Melnychuk M, Morris S, Baim-Lance A, Black G, Brown M, Eng J, Fulop N ( 2015 ) . 24/7 Hyperacute stoke care in London: Variation in health outcomes and processes of care between in-hours and out-of-hours admission . INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STROKE . vol. 10 , 50 - 50 .

Baim-Lance A, Black G, Llewellyn H, McGregor LM, Vindrola-Padros C, Vňuková M, Vrinten C, Dobson CM et al. ( 2015 ) . UCL Symposium Abstracts . BMJ open vol. 5 , ( 4 )

Vrinten C, McGregor LM, Heinrich M, von Wagner C, Waller J, Wardle J ( 2014 ) . What do people fear about cancer? A systematic review and meta-synthesis . The Lancet vol. 384 ,

Kononovas K, Black G ( 2014 ) . Improving Olympic Health Services: What are the Common Health Care Planning Issues? . Prehospital and Disaster Medicine vol. 29 , ( 6 ) 623 - 628 .

Black G, Murray J ( 2014 ) . Understanding the phenomenology of borderline personality disorder from the patient’s perspective . Journal of Mental Health vol. 23 , ( 2 ) 78 - 82 .

Black G, Kononovas K, Taylor J ( 2014 ) . Healthcare Planning for the Olympics in London: A Qualitative Evaluation . PLOS ONE vol. 9 , ( 3 )

Sullivan MO, Boulter S ( 2013 ) . Lived experiences of recalled mentally disordered offenders with dual diagnosis: a qualitative phenomenological study . Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology vol. 24 , ( 3 ) 403 - 420 .

Black G, Thornicroft G ( 2012 ) . What do people in forensic secure and community settings think of their personality disorder diagnosis? A qualitative study . Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology vol. 48 , ( 7 ) 1161 - 1168 .

Simper R, Walker MA, Black G, Di Rosa E ( 2011 ) . The relationship between callosal axons and cortical neurons in the planum temporale: Alterations in schizophrenia . Neuroscience Research vol. 71 , ( 4 ) 405 - 410 .

Black G, Forrester A, Riaz M, Maguire H ( 2011 ) . Using initiative to provide clinical intervention groups in prison: a process evaluation . International Review of Psychiatry vol. 23 , ( 1 ) 70 - 76 .

Black G ( 2010 ) . Women with borderline personality disorder in prison . Mental health today (Brighton, England)21 - 23 .

Di Rosa E, Crow TJ, Walker MA, Black G ( 2009 ) . Reduced neuron density, enlarged minicolumn spacing and altered ageing effects in fusiform cortex in schizophrenia . Psychiatry Research vol. 166 , ( 2-3 ) 102 - 115 .

Boswell L, Harris J, Ip A, Russell J, Black G, Whitaker KL . Assessing awareness of blood cancer symptoms and barriers to symptomatic presentation: Measure development and results from a population survey in the UK .

Karashiali C, Lawn W, Petrilli K, Mokrysz C, Black G . Cannabis, identity, and attitudes: a qualitative study in adolescents who do and do not use cannabis .

Black G, Os SV, Renzi C, Walter F, Hamilton W, Whitaker KL . Does Safety Netting for Lung Cancer Symptoms Help Patients to Reconsult Appropriately? A Qualitative Study .

Black G, Bhuiya A, Friedemann-Smith C, Hirst Y, Nicholson BD . Harnessing the electronic health care record to optimise patient safety in primary care: a framework for evaluating “electronic safety netting” tools (Preprint) .

Russell J, Boswell L, Ip A, Harris J, Singh H, Meyer AN, Giardina TD, Bhuiya A et al. . How is diagnostic uncertainty communicated and managed in real world primary care settings? .

. Quality of Cancer-Related Clinical Coding in Primary Care in North Central London: Mixed Methods Quality Improvement Project (Preprint) .