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  1. Queen Mary University of London
  2. Research
  3. Publications

Publications: MISS Raluca Gaina

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Eberhardinger M, Goodman J, Dockhorn A, Perez-Liebana D, Gaina RD, Cakmak D, Maghsudi S, Lucas S ( 2025 ) . From Code to Play: Benchmarking Program Search for Games Using Large Language Models . IEEE Transactions on Games vol. PP , ( 99 ) 1 - 13 .
Eberhardinger M, Goodman J, Dockhorn A, Perez-Liebana D, Gaina RD, Çakmak D, Maghsudi S, Lucas S ( 2025 ) . From Code to Play: Benchmarking Program Search for Games Using Large Language Models .
Gutiérrez-Sánchez P, Pérez-Liébana D ( 2025 ) . Explaining and Clustering Playtraces Using Temporal Logics . Conference: Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games1 - 10 .
Perez-Liebana D, Hofmann K, Mohanty SP, Kuno N, Kramer A ( 2025 ) . The Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning in MalmÖ (MARLÖ) Competition .
Kritz J, Gaina R ( 2025 ) . When 1+1 does not equal 2: Synergy in games .
Best T, Lucas S, Gaina R . ‘Journeys in the Dark’ - Towards Game Master AI in Complex Board Games . Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment . vol. 20 , 2 - 12 .
Nguyen D, Kritz J ( 2024 ) . Unveiling modern board games: an ML-based approach to BoardGameGeek data analysis . Conference: 2024 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG) vol. 00 , 1 - 4 .
Balla M, Long GEM, Goodman J, Gaina RD, Perez-Liebana D ( 2024 ) . PyTAG: Tabletop Games for Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning .
Balla M, Long GEM, Gaina RD ( 2024 ) . PyTAG: Tabletop Games for Multiagent Reinforcement Learning . IEEE Transactions on Games vol. 16 , ( 4 ) 993 - 1002 .
Balla M, Long GEM, Jeurissen D ( 2023 ) . PyTAG: Challenges and Opportunities for Reinforcement Learning in Tabletop Games . Conference: 2023 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG) vol. 00 , 1 - 8 .
Balla M, Long GEM, Jeurissen D, Goodman J, Gaina RD, Perez-Liebana D ( 2023 ) . PyTAG: Challenges and Opportunities for Reinforcement Learning in Tabletop Games .
Liébana DP, Gaina RD ( 2022 ) . Frontiers of GVGAI Planning . General Video Game Artificial Intelligence , Springer Nature
Liébana DP, Gaina RD ( 2022 ) . Planning in GVGAI . General Video Game Artificial Intelligence , Springer Nature
Gaina RD ( 2022 ) . Playing with evolution . IEEE Potentials vol. 41 , ( 2 ) 44 - 47 .
Gaina RD ( 2022 ) . TAG: Pandemic Competition . IEEE Conference on Games (CoG) . Conference: IEEE Conference on Games (CoG) vol. 2022-August , 552 - 559 .
Gaina RD, Goodman J . TAG: Terraforming Mars . Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment . vol. 17 , 148 - 155 .
Gaina RD, Devlin S, Lucas SM, Perez-Liebana D ( 2021 ) . Rolling Horizon Evolutionary Algorithms for General Video Game Playing . IEEE Transactions on Games vol. 14 , ( 2 ) 232 - 242 .
Perez-Liebana D, Hsu Y-J, Emmanouilidis S . Tribes: A New Turn-Based Strategy Game for AI Research . Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment . vol. 16 , 252 - 258 .
Gaina RD, Balla M, Dockhorn A, Montoliu R ( 2020 ) . Design and Implementation of TAG: A Tabletop Games Framework .
Perez-Liebana D, Alam MS ( 2020 ) . Rolling Horizon NEAT for General Video Game Playing . Conference: 2020 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG) vol. 00 , 375 - 382 .
Gaina RD, Perez-Liebana D, Lucas SM, Sironi CF, Winands MHM ( 2020 ) . Self-Adaptive Rolling Horizon Evolutionary Algorithms for General Video Game Playing . Conference: 2020 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG) vol. 00 , 367 - 374 .
Gaina RD, Devlin S, Lucas SM, Perez-Liebana D ( 2020 ) . Rolling Horizon Evolutionary Algorithms for General Video Game Playing .
Perez-Liebana D, Alam MS ( 2020 ) . Rolling Horizon NEAT for General Video Game Playing .
Montoliu R, Gaina RD, Pérez-Liebana D, Delgado D, Lucas S ( 2020 ) . Efficient Heuristic Policy Optimisation for a Challenging Strategic Card Game . Lecture Notes in Computer Science . vol. 12104 , 403 - 418 .
Gaina RD, Balla M, Montoliu R ( 2020 ) . TAG: A tabletop games framework . Ceur Workshop Proceedings . vol. 2862 ,
Perez-Liebana D, Gaina RD, Drageset O, İlhan E, Balla M, Lucas SM . Analysis of Statistical Forward Planning Methods in Pommerman . Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment . vol. 15 , 66 - 72 .
Liébana DPXR, Lucas SM, Gaina RD, Togelius J, Khalifa A, Liu J, Ashlock D ( 2019 ) . General Video Game Artificial Intelligence . Springer Nature
Dockhorn A, Lucas SM, Volz V, Bravi I, Gaina RD, Perez-Liebana D ( 2019 ) . Learning Local Forward Models on Unforgiving Games .
Lucas SM, Dockhorn A, Volz V, Bamford C, Gaina RD, Bravi I, Perez-Liebana D, Mostaghim S et al. ( 2019 ) . A Local Approach to Forward Model Learning: Results on the Game of Life Game . Conference: 2019 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG) vol. 00 , 1 - 8 .
Dockhorn A, Lucas SM, Volz V, Bravi I, Gaina RD, Perez-Liebana D ( 2019 ) . Learning Local Forward Models on Unforgiving Games . Conference: 2019 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG) vol. 00 , 1 - 4 .
Drageset O, Winands MHM, Gaina RD ( 2019 ) . Optimising Level Generators for General Video Game AI . Conference: 2019 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG) vol. 00 , 1 - 8 .
Gaina RD, Lucas SM, Perez-Liebana D ( 2019 ) . Project Thyia: A Forever Gameplayer . Conference: 2019 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG) vol. 00 , 1 - 8 .
Gaina RD ( 2019 ) . “Did You Hear That?” Learning to Play Video Games from Audio Cues . Conference: 2019 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG) vol. 00 , 1 - 4 .
Gaina RD, Lucas SM, Pérez-Liébana D . Tackling Sparse Rewards in Real-Time Games with Statistical Forward Planning Methods . Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence . vol. 33 , 1691 - 1698 .
Gaina RD, Stephenson M ( 2019 ) . "Did You Hear That?" Learning to Play Video Games from Audio Cues .
Gaina RD, Lucas SM, Perez-Liebana D ( 2019 ) . Project Thyia: A Forever Gameplayer .
Lucas SM, Dockhorn A, Volz V, Bamford C, Gaina RD, Bravi I, Perez-Liebana D, Mostaghim S et al. ( 2019 ) . A Local Approach to Forward Model Learning: Results on the Game of Life Game .
Perez-Liebana D, Liu J, Khalifa A, Gaina RD, Togelius J, Lucas SM ( 2019 ) . General Video Game AI: A Multitrack Framework for Evaluating Agents, Games, and Content Generation Algorithms . IEEE Transactions on Games vol. 11 , ( 3 ) 195 - 214 .
Perez-Liebana D, Liu J, Khalifa A, Gaina RD, Togelius J, Lucas SM ( 2019 ) . General Video Game AI: a Multi-Track Framework for Evaluating Agents, Games and Content Generation Algorithms .
Lucas SM, Liu J, Bravi I, Gaina RD, Woodward J, Volz V, Perez-Liebana D ( 2019 ) . Efficient Evolutionary Methods for Game Agent Optimisation: Model-Based is Best .
Gaina R, Lucas S, Pérez-Liébana D . VERTIGØ: Visualisation of Rolling Horizon Evolutionary Algorithms in GVGAI . Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment . vol. 14 , 265 - 267 .
Gaina RD, Lucas SM, Perez-Liebana D ( 2018 ) . General Win Prediction from Agent Experience . Conference: 2018 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG) vol. 00 , 1 - 8 .
Sironi CF, Liu J, Perez-Liebana D, Gaina RD, Bravi I, Lucas SM, Winands MHM ( 2018 ) . Self-adaptive MCTS for General Video Game Playing . Lecture Notes in Computer Science . vol. 10784 , 358 - 375 .
Gaina RD, Coutoux A, Soemers DJNJ, Winands MHM, Vodopivec T, Kirchgener F, Liu J, Lucas SM et al. ( 2017 ) . The 2016 Two-Player GVGAI Competition . IEEE Transactions on Games vol. 10 , ( 2 ) 209 - 220 .
Perez-Liebana D, Stephenson M, Gaina RD, Renz J, Lucas SM ( 2017 ) . Introducing Real World Physics and Macro-Actions to General Video Game AI . Conference: 2017 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG)248 - 255 .
Gaina RD, Lucas SM, Perez-Liebana D ( 2017 ) . Rolling Horizon Evolution Enhancements in General Video Game Playing . Conference: 2017 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG)88 - 95 .
Gaina RD, Lucas SM, Pérez-Liébana D ( 2017 ) . Population Seeding Techniques for Rolling Horizon Evolution in General Video Game Playing . Conference: 2017 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC)1956 - 1963 .
Kunanusont K, Gaina RD, Liu J, Perez-Liebana D, Lucas SM ( 2017 ) . The N -Tuple Bandit Evolutionary Algorithm for Automatic Game Improvement . Conference: 2017 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC)2201 - 2208 .
Gaina RD, Liu J, Lucas SM, Perez-Liebana D ( 2017 ) . Analysis of Vanilla Rolling Horizon Evolution Parameters in General Video Game Playing .
Gaina RD, Lucas SM, Perez-Liebana D ( 2017 ) . Population Seeding Techniques for Rolling Horizon Evolution in General Video Game Playing .
Gaina RD, Liu J, Lucas SM, Pérez-Liébana D ( 2017 ) . Analysis of Vanilla Rolling Horizon Evolution Parameters in General Video Game Playing . Lecture Notes in Computer Science . vol. 10199 , 418 - 434 .
Kunanusont K, Gaina RD, Liu J, Perez-Liebana D, Lucas SM ( 2017 ) . The N-Tuple Bandit Evolutionary Algorithm for Automatic Game Improvement .
Gaina RD, Díaz CG, Davidson R ( 2017 ) . Automatic Game Tuning for Strategic Diversity . Conference: 2017 9th Computer Science and Electronic Engineering (CEEC)195 - 200 .
Gaina RD, Pérez-Liébana D, Lucas SM ( 2016 ) . General Video Game for 2 Players: Framework and Competition . Conference: 2016 8th Computer Science and Electronic Engineering (CEEC)186 - 191 .
PEREZ-LIEBANA D, Hofmann K, Mohanty S, Kuno N, Kramer A, Devlin S, GAINA R, Ionita D . The Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning in Malmo (MARLO) Competition . Conference: Challenges in Machine Learning (CiML; NIPS Workshop)
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